Ikoreshwa rya Firimu ngufi Ikoreshwa mu Gutunganya Imashini Ikoresha Firimu

I. Intangiriro
Ikoranabuhanga ryo gutandukanya ibintu ni rimwe mu makoranabuhanga atatu akomeye mu gukora imiti. Uburyo bwo gutandukanya ibintu bufite ingaruka zikomeye ku bwiza bw'ibicuruzwa, imikorere myiza, ikoreshwa n'inyungu zabyo. Imashini yo gutandukanya ibintu mu buryo bwa TFE ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ni igikoresho gikoreshwa mu gutandukanya ibintu binyuze mu guhindagurika kw'ibintu. Iki gikoresho gifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushyuhe buke bwo gusohora ibintu, igihe gito cyo gutura mu bikoresho, ubushobozi bwo gushyuha cyane n'imbaraga nyinshi zo gusohora ibintu. Gikoreshwa cyane mu nganda za peteroli, imiti myiza, imiti ikomoka ku buhinzi, ibiribwa, imiti n'ubuhanga mu by'imiti, kugira ngo kiyobore inzira zo gusohora ibintu mu mwuka, gukurura ibintu, gukuraho ibinyabutabire, gutunganya, gukuraho umwuka, gukuraho imyuka, gukuraho impumuro mbi, n'ibindi.

Imashini yo gusohora amashanyarazi mu buryo bwa Short Path Distillation ni icyuma gishya kandi cyiza gishobora gukora ibyuka rya firime igwa mu buryo bw'umwuka, aho firime ikorwa ku ngufu n'icyuma gikoresha firime izenguruka kandi ifite umuvuduko mwinshi w'amazi, ubushobozi bwo kohereza ubushyuhe bwinshi n'igihe gito cyo guturamo (nk'amasegonda 5-15). Ifite kandi ubushobozi bwo kohereza ubushyuhe bwinshi, imbaraga nyinshi zo guhumeka, igihe gito cyo gutembera no koroherwa cyane n'imikorere, ibi bikaba bikwiriye cyane mu gusohora amashanyarazi, gukuraho imyuka, gukuraho solvent, gusya no gutunganya ibikoresho bikoresha ubushyuhe, ibikoresho byinshi byoroshye gushyuha n'ibikoresho byoroshye birimo kristale n'uduce duto. Igizwe na silindiri imwe cyangwa nyinshi zifite amakoti yo gushyushya n'icyuma gikoresha firime kizenguruka muri silindiri. Ikigo gikoresha firime gihora gikurura ibikoresho byo kugaburira mu firime imwe y'amazi ku buso bushyushya kikayisunika hasi, aho ibice bifite aho bishyuha hato bigashira maze ibisigazwa byabyo bigasohoka mu butaka bwa mashini.

II. Ibiranga Imikorere
•Kugabanuka k'umuvuduko muke w'umwuka uvamo umwuka:
Iyo umwuka ushyushye w’ibikoresho wimutse uva ku buso bushyushya ujya kuri kondensateri yo hanze, haba hari igitutu runaka gitandukanye. Muri evaporator isanzwe, igitutu nk’icyo gikunze kugabanuka (Δp) kiba kiri hejuru cyane, rimwe na rimwe ku rugero rudakwiye. Mu buryo bunyuranye, imashini itunganya umwuka mu buryo bugufi ifite umwanya munini wa gazi, igitutu cyayo kikaba hafi kingana n’icyo muri kondensateri; bityo, haba hari igitutu gito kandi igipimo cy’umwuka gishobora kuba ≤1Pa.
• Ubushyuhe buke bwo gukora:
Bitewe n'imiterere yavuzwe haruguru, inzira yo guhumeka ishobora gukorwa ku rugero rwo hejuru rw'umwuka uvamo umwuka. Kubera ko urugero rw'umwuka uvamo umwuka rwiyongera, ubushyuhe bujyanye n'ibikoresho bugabanuka vuba. Bityo, igikorwa gishobora gukorwa ku bushyuhe buri hasi bityo ubushyuhe bw'umusaruro bukagabanuka.
• Igihe gito cyo gushyushya:
Bitewe n'imiterere yihariye ya Short Path Distillation Machine hamwe n'imikorere ya firime applicator, igihe cyo gutura kw'ibikoresho muri evaporator ni gito; byongeye kandi, ubwiyongere bwihuse bwa firime muri evaporator ishyushya butuma ibicuruzwa bitabasha kuguma ku buso bwa evaporator. Kubwibyo, ikwiriye cyane cyane mu gushonga kw'ibikoresho byibasirwa n'ubushyuhe.

• Ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'umwuka:
Kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho byongera itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho bishyushye; imikorere y'icyuma gikoresha firime igabanya ubunini bwa firime y'amazi mu gihe cy'imvururu kandi ikagabanya ubudahangarwa bw'ubushyuhe. Hagati aho, iyi gahunda igabanya gufunga no kwangiza ibikoresho ku buso bushyushya kandi iherekezwa n'ihindagurika ryiza ry'ubushyuhe, bityo bikongera ubushobozi bwo kohereza ubushyuhe muri rusange bwa firime ishyushya.

• Uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora:
Bitewe n’imiterere yayo yihariye, icyuma gishyushya ibintu gikoresha icyuma gishyushya ibintu gikenera umwuka woroshye kandi uhoraho hamwe n’ibikoresho bifite umuvuduko mwinshi, ubushyuhe bwabyo bugenda bwiyongera cyane uko ubwinshi bw’ibintu bwiyongera, kuko inzira yacyo yo guhumeka iba yoroshye kandi ihamye.

Irakwiriye kandi gusohora no gusya ibintu birimo uduce duto cyangwa mu gihe habayeho crystallization, polymerization na ivumbi.

III. Uturere dukoreshwamo
Imashini ikoresha icyuma gishyushya ubushyuhe yakoreshejwe cyane mu mishinga yo guhanahana ubushyuhe. Ifasha cyane cyane guhanahana ubushyuhe kw'ibikoresho bidashobora gushyuha (igihe gito), kandi ishobora gushongesha ibikoresho bigoye bifite imikorere itandukanye.
Imashini ikoresha icyuma gishyushya umwuka yakoreshejwe mu gukurura umwuka, gukuraho ibinyabutabire, gukuraho umwuka ushyushye, gukora, gukuramo umwuka ushyushye, gukuramo impumuro mbi (de-aeration), nibindi mu bice bikurikira, kandi yageze ku musaruro mwiza:

Ubuvuzi gakondo bw'Abashinwa n'ubuvuzi bw'Abanyamerika: imiti yica udukoko, inzoga z'isukari, thunder godvine, astragalus n'ibindi bimera, methylimidazole, single nitrile amine n'ibindi binyabutabire;

Ibiryo byoroshye byo mu nganda: umutobe, isosi, ibara, ibinure, impumuro nziza, zymin, aside lactic, xylose, isukari y'ibinyampeke, sorbate ya potasiyumu, nibindi.

Amavuta n'ibinyabutabire bya buri munsi: lecithin, VE, amavuta y'umwijima wa cod, aside oleic, glycerol, aside fatty, amavuta yo kwisiga imyanda, alkyl polyglycosides, alcohol ether sulfates, nibindi.

Resins zikozwe mu buryo bwa sintetike: resins za polyamide, resins za epoxy, paraformaldehyde, PPS (esters za polypropylene sebacate), PBT, esters za aside formic allyl, n'ibindi.

Insinga zikoze mu buryo bwa sintetike: PTA, DMT, fibre ya karuboni, polytetrahydrofuran, polyol za polyether, n'ibindi.

Petrokemike: TDI, MDI, trimethyl hydroquinone, trimethylolpropane, sodium hydroxide, n'ibindi.

Imiti yica udukoko mu binyabuzima: acetochlor, metolachlor, chlorpyrifos, furan phenol, clomazone, imiti yica udukoko, imiti yica udukoko, nibindi.

Amazi yanduye: Amazi yanduye y’umunyu utari umwimerere.