Ikoreshwa rya Firime Yahanaguwe Imashini ngufi ya Distillation Imashini

I. Intangiriro
Gutandukanya tekinoroji ni bumwe mu buryo butatu bukoreshwa mu gukora imiti. Inzira yo gutandukana igira ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere yibicuruzwa, gukora neza, gukoresha no kunguka. Imashini ya TFE Yashizwemo Imashini ngufi ya Distillation Machine nigikoresho gikoreshwa mugutandukanya binyuze mumihindagurikire yibikoresho. Iki gikoresho gifite coefficente yohereza ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushyuhe buke bwo guhumeka, igihe gito cyo gutura, gukora ubushyuhe bwinshi nubushyuhe bwinshi. Ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda za peteroli, imiti myiza, imiti y’ubuhinzi, ibiribwa, ubuvuzi n’ubuhanga bw’ibinyabuzima, kugira ngo ikore inzira zo guhumeka, kwibanda, kuvanaho ibishishwa, kweza, kwambura amavuta, gutesha agaciro, deodorizasi, nibindi.

Inzira ngufi ya Distillation ni moteri nshya kandi ikora neza ishobora gukora igabanuka ryamafirime yaguye mugihe cyimyuka, aho firime ikorwa kumugaragaro nuwasabye firime izunguruka kandi ifite umuvuduko mwinshi, uburyo bwo kohereza ubushyuhe bwinshi nigihe gito cyo gutura (hafi Amasegonda 5-15). Ifite kandi coefficient de transfert yubushyuhe bwinshi, imbaraga zo guhumeka cyane, igihe gito cyo gutembera nigihe kinini cyo gukora, ibyo bikaba bikwiranye cyane cyane no guhumeka no guhumeka, gutesha agaciro, kuvanaho umusemburo, gusibanganya no kweza ibikoresho byangiza ubushyuhe, ibikoresho byinshi byijimye kandi byoroshye kristu n'ibice birimo ibikoresho. Igizwe na silinderi imwe cyangwa nyinshi hamwe namakoti yo gushyushya hamwe nuwasabye firime azunguruka muri silinderi. Usaba firime ahora asiba ibikoresho by'ibiryo muri firime imwe y'amazi hejuru yubushyuhe hanyuma akabisunika hasi, mugihe ibice bifite ingingo zitetse zishira kandi ibisigazwa byazo bigasohoka munsi yumuyaga.

II. Ibiranga imikorere
• Umuvuduko muke wa vacuum:
Iyo gaze ihumeka yibikoresho yimuye hejuru yubushyuhe ikajya hanze, habaho umuvuduko utandukanye. Mubyuka bisanzwe, kugabanuka k'umuvuduko (Δp) mubisanzwe ni hejuru cyane, rimwe na rimwe kurwego rutemewe. Ibinyuranyo, Imashini ngufi ya Distillation Machine ifite umwanya munini wa gaze, igitutu cyacyo kikaba kingana nicyo muri kondenseri; kubwibyo, hari igitutu gito kigabanuka kandi impamyabumenyi ya vacuum irashobora kuba ≤1Pa.
• Ubushyuhe buke bwo gukora:
Bitewe numutungo wavuzwe haruguru, inzira yo guhumeka irashobora gukorwa kurwego rwo hejuru. Kuva impamyabumenyi ya vacuum yiyongera, ingingo ihuye nibikoresho bigabanuka vuba. Kubwibyo, ibikorwa birashobora gukorwa mubushyuhe bwo hasi kandi kubora kubushyuhe bwibicuruzwa bityo bikagabanuka.
• Igihe gito cyo gushyushya:
Bitewe nuburyo budasanzwe bwimashini ngufi ya Distillation Machine hamwe nigikorwa cyo kuvoma uwasabye firime, igihe cyo gutura ibikoresho muri moteri ni gito; hiyongereyeho, imivurungano yihuse ya firime mumashanyarazi ashyushya ituma ibicuruzwa bidashobora kuguma hejuru yumwuka. Kubwibyo, birakwiriye cyane cyane guhumeka ibikoresho byangiza ubushyuhe.

• Imbaraga nyinshi zo guhumeka:
Kugabanuka kw'ibikoresho bitetse byongera itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe bw'itangazamakuru rishyushye; imikorere yabasabye firime igabanya ubunini bwa firime yamazi mumivurungano kandi igabanya ubukana bwumuriro. Hagati aho, inzira ihagarika gutekesha no guhumanya ibikoresho hejuru yubushyuhe kandi bikajyana no guhanahana ubushyuhe, bityo bikongerera coefficient de coiffure muri rusange.

• Ibikorwa binini byoroshye:
Bitewe nimiterere yihariye, scraper firime yamashanyarazi ikwiranye no kuvura ibikoresho bikenera ubushyuhe bisaba guhumeka neza kandi bigahoraho hamwe nibikoresho byinshi-byijimye cyane ubwinshi bwabyo bwiyongera cyane hamwe no kwiyongera kwinshi, kuko inzira yo guhumeka neza kandi neza.

Irakwiriye kandi guhumeka no gusibanganya ibikoresho birimo ibice cyangwa mugihe cyo korohereza ibintu, polymerisation no gukora nabi.

III. Ahantu ho gusaba
Impanuka ya firime scraper yakoreshejwe cyane mumishinga yo guhana ubushyuhe. Ifasha guhanahana ubushyuhe bwibikoresho byangiza ubushyuhe (igihe gito) cyane cyane, kandi birashobora gutandukanya ibicuruzwa bigoye nibikorwa byayo bitandukanye.
Impanuka ya firime scraper yakoreshejwe mukwibanda kumyuka, kuvanaho umusemburo, gukuramo amavuta, reaction, degassing, deodorisation (de-aeration), nibindi mubice bikurikira, kandi byageze kubisubizo byiza:

Ubuvuzi gakondo bwabashinwa nubuvuzi bwiburengerazuba: antibiotike, inzoga yisukari, inkuba godvine, astragalus nibindi bimera, methylimidazole, nitrile amine imwe n’abandi bahuza;

Ibiribwa byoroheje byinganda: umutobe, gravy, pigment, essence, impumuro nziza, zymin, acide lactique, xylose, isukari ya krahisi, potasiyumu sorbate, nibindi.

Amavuta n'imiti ya buri munsi: lecithine, VE, amavuta yumwijima cod, aside oleic, glycerol, aside irike, amavuta yo gusiga imyanda, alkyl polyglycoside, alcool ether sulfate, nibindi.

Ibisigarira bya sintetike: ibisigarira bya polyamide, ibisigisigi bya epoxy, paraformaldehyde, PPS (est est polypropylene sebacate esters), PBT, acide formic allyl esters, nibindi.

Fibre ya sintetike: PTA, DMT, fibre karubone, polytetrahydrofuran, polyol polyole, nibindi.

Ibikomoka kuri peteroli: TDI, MDI, trimethyl hydroquinone, trimethylolpropane, hydroxide ya sodium, nibindi.

Imiti yica udukoko twangiza ibinyabuzima: acetochlor, metolachlor, chlorpyrifos, furan phenol, clomazone, udukoko twica udukoko, ibyatsi, mitiweli, nibindi.

Amazi yanduye: Amazi yumunyu ngugu.